Pakistan and Turkey Relations

 Relations Before Pakistan

• Positive response of Indian Muslims regarding

Turkey's disputes with Russia and the Balkans in the 1800's.

• Pakistan and Turkey have a sentimental brotherhood based on their past history, in context of the Khilafat Movement.

• They have since remained on friendly terms in the times of war and peace.

DIPLOMATIC Relations

• Both countries developed diplomatic ties in 1947.

• Turkey quickly recognized Pakistan as a country after its creation and supported it in successfully becoming a UN member.

• In 1948, Pakistan introduced 'rupee' as its currency and it was Turkey who printed this currency in the initial years.

• Pakistan has its embassy in Ankara and Generals in Istanbul and Izmir.

• Turkey has its embassy in Islamabad and Generals in most significant cities.

• Declaration made by both countries to agree to walk a path of cooperation in political, economic and cultural departments.

• Turkey has always shown great interest as well as support in Pakistan's nuclear power mission.

• Both nations have aimed to increase their cooperation to fight off terrorism.

Pacts and agreements

• BAGHDAD PACT: - A pact of mutual cooperation for security and defense was signed in (1955)

- Initially it was signed by Turkey and Iraq

- Ayub Khan was encouraged by them to join the pact

- Later became to be known as CENTO

The lack of official US participation as well as the withdrawal of Iraq caused this pact to fail.

It also failed to provide Pakistan with support while it was still a part of it.

 RCD: Regional Cooperation for Development

• ECO: Economic Cooperation Organization

- In 1964,Pakistan, Iran and Turkey signed a pact in Istanbul to promote regional and economic development. Financial, political and administrative issues slowed the development and before any more declination, RCD was converted and renewed into ECO

by the same three heads Pakistan, Iran and Turkey . The organization was expanded and more states became members.

Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto pursued to strengthen this cooperation to have a trilateral agreement that had

positive impacts Pakistan's security needs.

Support in disputes

Cyprus ISSUE:

In 1954 and 1957,Pakistan advocated the Turkish Cypriots' cause in

the UN Assembly and encouraged the world to fulfill their ultimate

desires. The Pakistan delegation again urged the UN in 1959 to

satisfy human rights regarding Cypriots.

Even after their attainment of independence, when Cyprus demanded

constitutional changes and matter was handed to UN in 1963 and

Pakistan's Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto spoke in favor of his

Turkish brethren and openly appealed for support.

QABRAS ISSUE: Pakistan has supported Turkey regarding the Qabras issue which is the dissent between the people

of Turkey and Greece. Showing great concern in 1974 on the unification efforts between the two,Pakistan openly

supported the Turkish decision to send its troops to Qabras. It even sent medicine supplies to Turkey and

declared to provide any sort of aid required by the government to tackle the issue.

KASHMIR ISSUE:

In the 1960's Turkey's media first addressed Pakistan's rightful stance regrading Kashmir through a newspaper article. Turkey also postponed their aid to India during its war with China on account of Pakistan's protests. From then onwards, Turkey sees the Kashmir issue as important as any of its own disputes.

In 1966, Turkish Foreign Minister made a plea in the UN Assembly for a solution to the Kashmir dispute and granting the right of free will to Kashmiris when the topic of security council was ongoing. In 1999, the Lahore Peace Process was supported by Turkey as an appropriate way to solve the major disputes between Pakistan and India. 

Military Relations

• Turkey and Pakistan have exchanged officers to provide militarytrainingtechniques toeachother.

• Turkey has purchased army training from Pakistan as well as

minor aerial weapons.

• A portion of Pakistan's navy fleet exists with joint

Pakistan-Turkey naval ships.

• Duringthe Indo-Pak war of 1965, Turkey supported

Pakistan with military aid in shape of naval vessels, jet fuel, guns and ammunition.

Economic Relations

• In 1980, Turkey confirmed its aspiration to strengthen and expand the

relation of the two countries through economic development.

• Both sides communicated fulfillment over joint exploration in

fields of electronics, automotives, engineering and medication.

• Trade and commerce was promoted between the two countries as well

as communication infrastructure and transport facilities.

• The businessmen of both sides failed to improve trade but tourism and

agriculture was enhanced, upgrading either economy. 

Evaluation of Pakistan 

AND

Turkey Relations :

• The two countries have always experienced warm and cordial, friendly relations and have supported each other in their decisions. Both nations have religious bonds and share a common heritage, and hence a naturally eminent relationship.

• The only major dispute they have ever had was regarding Pakistan's recognition of Taliban rule in Afghanistan.

• Either side has tried their best to enhance political, economic and

military relations, they had faced certain difficulties and drawbacks but in an

overall conclusion, it can be stated that thePak-Turk relations have been a

great success.

.



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