Partition of East Pakistan (Reasons)

 

Partition of East Pakistan (Reasons)

Q. Explain about the reasons of separation of East and West Pakistan. Which one was most important reason?

A. East Pakistan was much smaller than West Pakistan but it had a larger population. Although religion united the two Wings, there were many economic, social and language issues that divided them and kept them apart. East Pakistani’s spoke Bengali but Urdu was chosen as the national language. They protested that Urdu being the mother language of only 6% of the whole of Pakistan was made national language. A ‘state language day’ in 1952 resulted in Bengali being recognized as one of the official languages of Pakistan in 1956. It was a big hurdle in treating solidarity and unity in the Pakistani nation. Even the cultures and traditions of East Pakistan were also different from West Pakistan which lead to separation of Pakistan.

They also complained about less representation of East Pakistan in the National Assembly. With a larger population than West Pakistan, they had equal number of seats according to the ratio of their population. As political party was in the West Wing, there were always more ministers from the West Wing and they felt deprived of proper power sharing in the government. Above all the results of 1970 elections were not honored properly and Mujibur Rahman was not allowed to become the Prime minister of Pakistan, which increasingly devastated the Bengalis. Wide range of processions started in East Pakistan and Mujibur Rahman was arrested which further deteriorated the situation.

They also resented against the faster development in the Western Wing because more fund were given to it. Moreover, the transfer of capital caused them to suffer the expense of transport for trade which enraged them. That continued transfer of capital from East to West Pakistan resulted in economic growth of West Wing. Most of the banks, insurance companies and big commercial firms had their head offices at Karachi, so for every decision they had to depend on the West Wing. The hateful and humiliating attitude of West Pakistanis became unbearable and thus resulted in the separation of East Pakistan.

Indian military intervention became a very important factor in 1971 as an immediate reason of separation. Indian army invaded and attacked Eastern Pakistan from many sides in November 1971. If Indian army had not intervened, perhaps East Pakistan could have been the part of Pakistan till now.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Syed Ahmed Shaheed Barelvi and Jihad Movement

Syed Ahmed Shaheed Barelvi and Jihad Movement Q. Explain the reasons why did Syed Ahmed Shaheed start Jehad movement in Punjab and NWFP? Beginning of the movement Syed Ahmad Shaheed Barelvi started jihad movement to develop the true sense of Islam and jihad in the Muslims of Punjab and NWFP. Same way he believed that Sikh government of Ranjit Singh in Punjab was constantly forcing Muslims to change the religion and to become Sikh it could be countered only in case if Muslims themselves would become strong in Jihad against Ranjit Singh. He trained Punjabi Muslims to fight against the Sikh government with weapons discipline. He developed the source of Jihad in Muslims. He convinced the Muslims that they must depend upon themselves to fight against the Rising non-muslims power. Under his leadership a force of 80000 Muslims was most successful to fight against Sikh region of Ranjit Singh. Syed Ahmed Shaheed had the idea that Muslims of subcontinent must not depend upon the foreign forces l
Read more

Short Question Answers Section 1 & 2 ( O Level Pakistan studies)

 Short Questions and Answers Q: What was Arya Samaj and swaraj?  A: Arya Samaj were a group of Hindus founded in 1877. It had strongholds in western and northern India. It aimed to purify Hindus from the impure practices they had fallen into. It was founded by Dayanand Saraswati, who hoped to revert Hindus who had converted to Christianity. It spread educational and social reforms as well as carrying out militant activities, which strained Hindu- Muslim relations. Swaraj was a policy of the Indian National Congress. It was promoted especially during the Non-Cooperation Movement. They wanted self-rule in India; it stated that India could be ruled by Indians and the British should leave. Q: What was Wardha Scheme? A: The ‘Wardha scheme’ was an education scheme based on the views of Mahatama Gandhi during the Congress Ministries 1937-1939. It was introduced in all nine provinces under Congress rule (UP, CP, Bihar, Orissa, Madras, Bombay, Assam and the NWFP). Under this policy teaching was
Read more

Malik Ghulam Muhammad [1951 - 55]

          Malik Ghulam Muhammad [1951 - 55]     Malik ghulam Muhammad came in the government as third governor general of Pakistan in October 1951. He persuaded Khawaja Nizam-ud-din to become the prime minister of the country. Malik Ghulam Muhammad was an ex-civil servant who had his links with official high ups. In 1951, he set up a planning commission and launched first six years plan for Pakistan’s economic development related to agriculture, industry, mining etc. He also started schemes for social uplift. These schemes were successful to bring the economic development of Pakistan. Unfortunately, from 1951 to 1953, there was a severe drought in Pakistan which caused large scale food shortage and riots started against the government all over the country. Governor General was not ready to deal with such situation. At that time USA donated millions of tons of wheat to cover the food shortage. When this problem tackled, another issue arose that ullemas began a campaign against Ahmed
Read more