Pakistan and China

 

    Pakistan and China  

                   In 1947, China was locked in civil war between the nationalist government and communist rebels. The war ended with a victory of communists led by Mao Zedong. India enthusiastically recognized the new Government. It seemed that the India’s positive attitude combined with Pakistan’s acceptance of aid from non communist western power meant that China and Pakistan could not be good allies.

                However, in 1962 China went to war with India. The event soured the relations between India and China which pushed China and Pakistan into a closer understanding. In March they began talks to settle their own disputes. China was keen to win Pakistan’s friendship to counter declining relations with India and Soviet Union. In 1963, Pakistan and China announced a series of trade agreements. China granted Pakistan a $60 million interest free loan and soon became the world’s largest purchases of Pakistani cotton. In August PIA began regular flights to China. In 1964, China made a statement supporting Pakistan’s policy in Kashmir. In return, Pakistan supported China’s entry into the UN.

               During 1965 war, China supplied military aid to Pakistan. Chinese support almost helped Pakistan obtain better terms in the cease fire. Immediately after the war, China agreed to supply military aircraft and helped to manufacture K-8 jets. The friendly relations were highlighted in 1978 when Karakorum Highway opened. It opened doors for easy trade between the two countries. It followed the Old Silk Route through which Chinese goods had originally came to the rest of Asia. In 1986, China and Pakistan signed a nuclear cooperation treaty.

               In November 1989, Chinese PM visited Pakistan and provided an aid for nuclear devices. In 1991 Chinese President Yand’s visit to Pakistan reviewed the changing regional and Global politics and made an agreement to expand cooperation. In 1993, Benazir’s successful visit to China provided 5 agreements to expand economic cooperation. China supported proposals of a 5 nations conference on non proliferation regime in South Asia. In 1995, Chinese provided financial and technical aid to enhance production of Pakistan Steel Mills. Many agreements were signed about culture arts and education during 1997-99. Bilateral trade crossed one billion dollar mark.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Syed Ahmed Shaheed Barelvi and Jihad Movement

Syed Ahmed Shaheed Barelvi and Jihad Movement Q. Explain the reasons why did Syed Ahmed Shaheed start Jehad movement in Punjab and NWFP? Beginning of the movement Syed Ahmad Shaheed Barelvi started jihad movement to develop the true sense of Islam and jihad in the Muslims of Punjab and NWFP. Same way he believed that Sikh government of Ranjit Singh in Punjab was constantly forcing Muslims to change the religion and to become Sikh it could be countered only in case if Muslims themselves would become strong in Jihad against Ranjit Singh. He trained Punjabi Muslims to fight against the Sikh government with weapons discipline. He developed the source of Jihad in Muslims. He convinced the Muslims that they must depend upon themselves to fight against the Rising non-muslims power. Under his leadership a force of 80000 Muslims was most successful to fight against Sikh region of Ranjit Singh. Syed Ahmed Shaheed had the idea that Muslims of subcontinent must not depend upon the foreign forces l
Read more

Short Question Answers Section 1 & 2 ( O Level Pakistan studies)

 Short Questions and Answers Q: What was Arya Samaj and swaraj?  A: Arya Samaj were a group of Hindus founded in 1877. It had strongholds in western and northern India. It aimed to purify Hindus from the impure practices they had fallen into. It was founded by Dayanand Saraswati, who hoped to revert Hindus who had converted to Christianity. It spread educational and social reforms as well as carrying out militant activities, which strained Hindu- Muslim relations. Swaraj was a policy of the Indian National Congress. It was promoted especially during the Non-Cooperation Movement. They wanted self-rule in India; it stated that India could be ruled by Indians and the British should leave. Q: What was Wardha Scheme? A: The ‘Wardha scheme’ was an education scheme based on the views of Mahatama Gandhi during the Congress Ministries 1937-1939. It was introduced in all nine provinces under Congress rule (UP, CP, Bihar, Orissa, Madras, Bombay, Assam and the NWFP). Under this policy teaching was
Read more

Malik Ghulam Muhammad [1951 - 55]

          Malik Ghulam Muhammad [1951 - 55]     Malik ghulam Muhammad came in the government as third governor general of Pakistan in October 1951. He persuaded Khawaja Nizam-ud-din to become the prime minister of the country. Malik Ghulam Muhammad was an ex-civil servant who had his links with official high ups. In 1951, he set up a planning commission and launched first six years plan for Pakistan’s economic development related to agriculture, industry, mining etc. He also started schemes for social uplift. These schemes were successful to bring the economic development of Pakistan. Unfortunately, from 1951 to 1953, there was a severe drought in Pakistan which caused large scale food shortage and riots started against the government all over the country. Governor General was not ready to deal with such situation. At that time USA donated millions of tons of wheat to cover the food shortage. When this problem tackled, another issue arose that ullemas began a campaign against Ahmed
Read more