Aurangzeb’s politics and Mughal rule

 

Aurangzeb’s politics and Mughal rule

 

Q: How did Aurangzeb take control of the Empire as a ruler? Also write about the impact of his policies on the stability of the Mughal Empire.

A: In 1657 AD Shah Jahan fell ill, he had four sons so it was the serious problem of succession as all the sons were of mature age ruling large an important part of kingdom and had large armies. When they saw that Shah Jahan was dying they begin to fight for the position of the ruler. Two of them were having luck that they may be the next ruler. Another son Dora Shikhoh would be the Emperor's choice because he was the eldest son but in 1658 Aurangzeb and Murad defeated Dora.When Shah Jahan recovered and ordered his son to not to march on Agra, Aurangzeb said that his father had Lost control so he imprisoned his father and became to ruler. We had all his three brothers killed and established himself as the emperor. In this manner Aurangzeb took control of the Empire.

Aurangzeb’s 48 years region is often called "golden age". He reversed policies of his father. He enforced Islamic law making non-Muslim live according to the Quran. He expanded Mughal rule in North and South but his constant military campaigns and religious tolerance made the matters worse. The Empire was so ever expanded that every part of the country could not be taken care properly. He was constantly fighting costly wars which caused the imposition of high taxes and public started turning against him. Rajput Warriors who were the backbone of his southern Army were displeased from his high tax policies on non-Muslims in the form of "jizya".This clash increased so much that he had to fight a war against them from 1679-81. To extend his Empire northwards he had to fight a tough campaign against Pathans tribes. He also fought an expensive campaign against Marathas tribes in Deccan. Even after 25 years of fighting he couldn't defeat the Maratha. In result, Mughal treasury was emptied no useless wars inside the country.On the other side construction of very expensive Mosque like for the pearl mosque of Aurangzeb only. It showed to the public that they were taxed for illogical rules and King’s luxury. The time of Aurangzeb death in 1707 the empire was larger than it was even been but on a breaking point and full of rebellions. Nana sahib was most tough to whom he could not defeat or arrest. Another rule was of paying high scholarship to those Muslims who had the largest beards.

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