Mohammad Ali Jinnah: 1816- 1948

Mohammad Ali Jinnah: 1816- 1948

  Jinnah had an essential role for the establishment of Pakistan. During the 1920s and 1930s, he tried to work in co-operation, but when it became clear that congress was acting only in Hindu interests, he became a strong supporter of a separate homeland for Muslims. He made unique contribution to the Pakistan movement. He became the governor-general of the new country.  Jinnah disappointed the radical Hindu in the form of non cooperation movement approval which Ghandi brought to congress movement. He left the congress party in 1921. Due to non-cooperation movement his hopes for separate homeland were crushed with an issue of the Nehru report, to which he described as the ‘parting of the ways’, and so in return he issued his 14 points which was an important step on the road to Pakistan. 

  In 1930, 31, 32, Jinnah represented the Muslim community in the RTCs in London in 1933 and got the separate rights approved for the new law making. He recurred to the sub-continent and retook his position in the central assembly. He witnessed the humiliating defeat for the Muslim league in 1936-37 elections, in return to what he persuaded the party that it needed to reorganize to build support from the grass roots level. By 1938, party membership had grown dramatically and the part was well placed for 1945-46 election. By 1939 Jinnah was seen as the undisputed leader of the community and both congress and British acknowledged him as such.

   In 1945 to 1947 all meetings like Simla Conference, Cabinet Mission and Independence Act he won the fight for Pakistan. All talks between Muslims and British resulted on the establishment of Pakistan and Muslim government instead of British government. Finally British government had decided about the establishment of Pakistan due to the clear ideology based on Two Nation theory emphasized by Jinnah and Muslim League.